In scoliodon (Dog fish) urinary or excretory system and reproductive or genital system are firmly related to each other and together called as urinogential system. In Scoliodon sexes separate, sexual dimorphism is well marked by presence of pair of claspers in medial portion of pelvic fins.
The organs of reproduction and those of excretion are clearly related to each other. Therefore, they are considered together. The kidneys in the male are a pair of long-strap-shaped glandular structures situated dorsal to the parietal peritoneum, and extend from the roof of the liver in front and right up to the cloacae behind.
Cycas is a dioecious plant i.e. the male and female cone occurs on different plants. The male cone of Cycas is probably the largest in the plant kingdom (40-80 cm). it is a compact, woody, conical or oval structure attached to the tip of the stem by a short stalk.