Here are your short notes on the Kalinga War

During his viceroyalty the first Chola invasion of Kalinga occurred. This was brought about by the Kalinga invasion of Vengi and it resulted in the annexation of southern Kalinga to the Chola Empire. In this war Parantaka Pandya helped Vikrama Choda who played the major role.

The second Kalinga war occurred because Anantavarman Chod. ganga (a grandson of Virarajendra by his daughter Rajasundari) the ruler of Kalinga had failed to pay tribute. This failure was followed by a terrible battle fought by the Chola a. my under the command of Karunakara Tondaiman, a Pallava.

The Kalingattupparani of Jayankciar describes this gruesome battle and the defeat and submission of the ruler of Kalinga i his war though spectacular was not very consequential for it is evident that Kalinga be independent soon after.

Another important loss of territory suffered by Kulottunga I was Gangavadi lying between Karnataka and Tamilnad. The Hoysala dynasty had grown in size and in importance, till in 1116, Gangaraja, a Hoysala general, captured Talakkadu from the Cholas. The contemporary Hoysala was Vishnuvardhana who assumed the title Talakkadukonda.

In this inscription dated 1116, he is described as ruling in Talakkadu, Kolar and the whole of Gangavadi as far as Kongu. He is also said to have helped the Yadavas to power and burnt the capital of the Gangas.

The Adigaimans of Tagadur who were the Chola governors in Gangavadi became subject to the Hoysala but only after stiff opposition to the new conqueroi 1 The Hoysalas make wild claims about their conquests of Kanchi, Madurai and Chakrakuta.

If these claims were even distantly true there could not have been anything more than a raid. It appears that Kulottunga’s firm hold over Gangavadi ceased from 1115. A recently discovered inscription on a hero stone suggests that Kulottunga exercised some control j again over this region during the period AD 1119 to AD 1127.

In fact even the year of Kulottunga’s death may have to be revised from AD 1122 to AD 1127 in view of the above inscription but the temporary recapture of Gangavadi by the Cholas was indicated even by Vikrama Chola’s inscription in that region.

Loss of Vengi

Another considerable loss of territory related to Vengi. Vikramaditya VI had always wanted to relieve the Cholas of their hold over Vengi. The loss of Gangavadi and Ceylon j suffered by the Cholas must have been a source of satisfaction to the Chalukyas. Now he ¹ began to play a positive role in taking Vengi out of Chola hands. Vikramaditya and Kulottunga would not risk a straight war against each other.

In 1118 when Vikrama Chola was recalled from Vengi troubles started there. Literally there was anarchy in Vengi and it was then that Vikramaditya took hold of the Eastern Chalukya capital. We hear of one Anantapalaya, a general of Vikramaditya, ruling over Vengi in 1118. The political connexion with the Chalukyas of Vengi so carefully built up since the days of Rajaraja I had now completely collapsed.