Division of labor is an embedded organizational practice in which positions or jobs tend to be associated with a specific group(s) of people. The selection and hiring of individuals are based on gendered and ethnic criteria that those doing the hiring associate with those positions.
Consequently, the same type of person tends to be hired (inclusionary practices) for specific positions, and others are not considered (exclusionary practices).
In most organizations, including those in (sport) journalism, White men tend to be found dispro- portionally in the top positions, whereas women and ethnic minorities tend to be found in positions lower on the organizational ladder (Claringbould & Van der Lippe, 2002).
The perceptions and ideas about sport, gender, and ethnicity of those in higher positions often will carry more weight and tend to shape hiring and firing policies and organizational culture more than those lower on the ladder.