Supporting the overlying restoration with the least amount of shrinkage and good adaptation to dentin walls, It has also been used as a luting agent for post and core restoration and was found to coat and Protect the apical cone from micro leakage are the characters of Glass ionomer, so we decided to use it in this study.
Electron microscopic findings revealed that the strong union between the soft gingival tissues, namely junctional epithelium and the tooth surface, namely enamel and/or cementum, are dependent on the presence of a basal lamina and hemidesmosomes.
The dentogingival junction is an anatomical and functional interface between the gingiva and the tooth structure.
These are Gallium-indium alloys. They are made up of Ag-Sn particles in Gallium-indium liquid.
The gingival margin trimmers (GMTs) are modified hatchets that have working ends with opposite curvatures and bevels.
Chisels are designed after ordinary carpenter's tool and used to cut tooth structure. It is beveled on one side and, usually, double-ended; one end with standard bevel on blade and the other end with a reverse bevel.
It is used for mixing of restorative materials. Some of these spatulas can cause discoloration of the material being mixed.
S-file was developed in Sweden. It is machined from solid piece of wire to produce a sharp, double, cutting edge forming double helix design. They are stiffer than H files.
Hedstrom file is manufactured from round wire that is machined to produce spiral flutes resembling a series of intersecting cones. It resembles Wood screw or the Christmas tree.
The file is made by removing sharp cutting surface at the tip of cutting edge so the tip rides along the canal rather than the gauge (stuck) into it. This design eliminates the possibility of ledge (block) formation or canal transportation.