The Treaty of Nanking was treated by the Chinese as a great humiliation. It was held that China by consenting to have her custom dues determined by equitable arrangement had abandoned her tariff autonomy.
On the other hand, the Western Powers started pressing for concession along the lines made available to Britain under the Nanking Treaty. On 3 July 1844, USA concluded the Treaty of Wanhgsia with China and succeeded in securing from her the most favoured nation treatment. This was followed by similar treaties with France, Belgium, Sweden and Portugal.
Britain had already anticipated this and therefore included “most favoured nation” clause in the Treaty of Bogue, a sort of supplementary treaty of the Treaty of Nanking. The Treaty of Bogue had laid down that any new benefits granted to other countries would also be available to Britain. In the light of the concession made available to the foreign powers by China Britain insisted on grant of additional privileges. France and America also joined in this demand.