Quantification is an important element in population studies, as population data are available in a discrete quantifiable form. The relationship of population studies with mathematics, therefore, assumes great importance.
The study of population size, growth, structure and Components is entirely done with the help of mathematics. Population experts have attempted to build various mathematical models regarding population growth Mathematics is thus an important tool in the study and understanding of population phenomena.
Population studies also depend on statistics as a tool. It may be recalled that the development of statistics fostered the development of demography in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. The theory of probability has been extremely useful for an analysis of mortality.
The actuarial science was useful in the preparation of life tables with a high degree of precision and sophistication mainly because of its use of the probability theory.