Brief note on Blood of Mammal

Plasma composed of 91-92% of water, 8 to 9% of solid materials. Solid materials include about 0.9% of inorganic elements like calcium, magnesium, phosphorous etc. and original compounds includes 7.5% of protein and 0.5 to 1% non proteins.

Blood corpuscles are R.B.C. (Red blood corpuscles), W.B.C. (White Blood Corpuscles) and Blood Platelets.

R.B.C.:

Red blood cells are biconcave and non-nucleated. In the cytoplasm there is a network of proteins and lipids which enclose the pigment hemoglobin. There is 4.5 to 5 millions of R.B.C. per cubic millimeter of blood in adult mammals. Size range between 6-9 micron in diameter. The average life span is 20-120 days.

W.B.C.:

White blood corpuscles are colour less, non-pigment, larger sized, spherical, nucleated blood cells their shape varies and appeared amoeboid during active stage of phagocytosis. Their number per cubic millimeter of blood is much less than the R.B.C.

There are many kinds of W.B.C. as the basis of the structure and staining properties. W.B.C. is classified as granulocytes and agranulocytes.

Granulocytes: These cells have granujlar cytoplasm. These are three types.

(i) Neutorophil: Takes neutral stain and nucleus in multilobed.

(ii) Eosinophil: Takes acid stains and nucleus is bilobed or trilobed.

Agranulocytes: These have non-granular cytoplasm. These are two types.

(i) Lymphocytes: These are smaller in size about 8µ to 16µ in diameter and are produced in lymph glands.

(ii) Monocytes: These are comparatively larger sized leucocytes about 12µ to 20µ in diameter.

Blood platelets: These are colourless flat granular corpuscles much smaller than erythrocytes. These cells contain thromboplastin in the cytoplasm. These are non-nucleated, round or oval, biconvex discs with average size of 2.5µ in diameter.