Notes on the functions, structure and mechanism of our Respiratory system
The trachea or the wind pipes is about 4.7 inches long and extends from the Larynx up to the fifth thoracic vertebra. It is there divided into two branches known as Bronchi.
The trachea or the wind pipes is about 4.7 inches long and extends from the Larynx up to the fifth thoracic vertebra. It is there divided into two branches known as Bronchi.
In a capitalist economy, all the central problems are solved with the help of price mechanism. In such an economy, no individual or a firm deliberately tries to solve the central problems; all economic activities operate automatically and there is no conflict anywhere.
In scoliodon, the respiration is aquatic, i.e., respiration in water and it breathes by means of gills borne in a series of gill pouches on either side of the pharynx. Water enters the mouth and after passing through the buccal cavity, pharynx, gill-pouches and goes out through the gill slits after bathing the gills.
Skeletal muscle is a voluntary muscle. It has a striated appearance when examined under light microscope. It is made up of multinucleated cells called muscle fibre. The cells are bounded by an electrically excitable plasmamembrane called sarcolemma.
Amino acid-derived hormones (water solubles) cannot enter through plasma membrane and function as first messenger. The steps of action are –
Each living being has to adjust itself and regulate its body functions according to circumstances. If we have to move out in extreme cold, we would put on warm clothes.
Respiratory organs are those which are concerned with the passage of the air to and from the lungs. The latter are, of course, mot important of all. The passage is also called respiratory tract.
Transpiration is the process by which plants give off water into the atmosphere in the form of water vapor. It is not a simple process of evaporation since it is regulated by the physiological activity of the protoplasm.
There are two kidneys in man. They are bean-shaped. There is a distinct advantage of two kidneys in human body. If one kidney fails, the other can still carry out the function of excretion. The left kidney is placed a little higher than the right kidney.