The process through which the process of multiplication of cells is achieved is known as cell division. There are two major modes of cells divisions-mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis-
Cell division through mitosis has to pass through several stages such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
Human Physiology:
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When the chunks of food enter the mouth of the human beings, they are broken down into small pieces. Inside mouth the saliva secreted by salivary glands of the mouth moistens the masticated food and causes chemical digestion of starch by its enzyme called Ptyalin The masticated and partially digested food then passes to the stomach through esophagus. Inside stomach gastric juice is secreted by gastric gland which contains hydrochloric acid and enzyme named Pepsin. These enzymes break down the proteins of the food into smaller molecules which now pass on small intestine. In the first part of the small intestine food is called Chyme and is acted upon by bile juice from the liver and pancreatic juice from pancreas. The enzymes of pancreas and small intestine further digest the carbohydrates into glucose, proteins into amino acids and fats into glycerol and fatty acids, the bile helps in making the food alkaline.
All the food which is digested by the mouth, stomach and small intestine is ultimately absorbed by the cells of villi of the ileum (small intestine). The absorbed food is sent through blood to different parts of the body. The undigested food is sent to the large intestine and removed through the rectum and anus in the form of stool or faeces.