Short essay on Awards and Prizes

International Awards:

Nobel Prize-

Nobel prize is the most prestigious award in the world. This award was instituted by Alfred Nobel, a Swedish scientist in the year 1901. Prizes are awarded in six disciplines, such as physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Peace and Economics (started in 1967). The Nobel Prizes are presented annually on December 10.

Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian to receive the Nobel prize for Literature in the year 1913 for his love lyrics ‘Gitanjali’. Other Teresa was the first Indian women to receive this award in for peace.

Pulitzer Prize-

This prize was instituted in 1970 and named after the U. S. Publisher Joseph Pulitzer. It is conferred annually in the United States for accomplishments in journalism, literature and music.

Magsaysay Awards-

Magsaysay Awards were instituted in the year 1957 and named after Ramon Magsaysay, President of the Philippines. This award is given annually on Aug, 31 for outstanding contributions to public service, community leadership, journalism, literature and creative arts and international understanding. It is equivalent to the Nobel Prize in Asia.

Booker Prize–

Booker Prize is the highest literary award set up by the Booker Company and the British Publishers Association. This prize was instituted in 1968 and is given annually in literature.

Jawaharlal Nehru award for international understanding–

This award was instituted in 1965 by the Government of India. This award is given annually to persons for outstanding contributions to the promotion of international understanding, goodwill and friendship among the people of the world.

Oscar Award-

This award was instituted in 1929 and is conferred annually by the Academy of Motion Pictures in the United States. Mahboob Khan’s Mother India was the first Indian film to be nominated in the best foreign film category in 1958. The first Indian to share the Oscar was Bhanu Athaiya for the film Gandhi. Satyajit Ray was the fi^rst Indian who was awarded Oscar for lifetime achievements in cinema in 1992.

Kalinga Award–

Kalinga Award was constituted by Mr- Patnaik, the founder of the Kalinga Foundation Trust in Orissa 1952. The award is given for popularisation of science by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation

National Awards

Bharat Ratna–

This Is the India’s highest award, It is given for exceptional work in art, literature, science and recognition of public service of the highest order. Dr. Radha Krishnan the former Vice president of India and great scholar was the first person to receive this prestigious award in 1954.

Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri are also the awards of the same order and are given for exceptional work in any field. Padma Vibhushan is the nation’s second highest civilian award.

Gallantry Awards

Param Vir Chakra-

It is the India’s highest award of bravery.

Mahavir Chakra–

It is the second highest decoration and is awarded for acts of conspicuous gallantry in the presence of the enemy.

Vir Chakra-

It is the third highest award in gallantry.

Ashok Chakra-

It is also a gallantry award given for some daring sacrifice.

Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar Awards–

These awards are given to the Indian scientists for their excellent performance.

Arjuna Awards-

These awards were started in 1961 and are given to best sportsmen and sportswomen of the country for various games and sports.

R. D. Birla Award–

This award was constituted in 1982 and is given in the field of medical sciences.

Saraswati Samrnan–

This award was constituted in the year 1991 and is given for the outstanding contribution to literature. Dr. Harivansh Rai Bacchan was the first recipient of this award.

Bhartiya Jnanpith Award-

This award was constituted in ‘565 and is given for the outstanding contribution in Indian literature.

Vyas Samman–

This Samman was constituted by the K. K. Birla Foundation in 1992 for outstanding contribution to Hindi literature.

Dronacharya Award–

This award was instituted in the year and is given to the sports coaches.

Murtidevi Award-

This award was constituted in 1984 and is I ^en for the extra ordinary performance in literature.

Dhanvantri Awards–

These awards are given for the extra ordinary performances in medical sciences.

Tansen Awards-

These awards are given by the government of Madhya Pradesh for the outstanding contribution in the field of music.

Iqbal Samman–

These awards are given by the government of Madhya Pradesh for the outstanding contribution in the field of literature.

Dada Sahib Phalke Award-This award was instituted 1970 and is given for the outstanding contribution in the field of cinema.

Jamna Lai Bajaj Award–

These awards are given for constructive work in society, emphasis on the use of science and technology for rural development, uplift of women and social welfare and for spreading the Gandhian values outside India.