The sun is the chief source of heat and light for the earth. It radiates energy in all directions. The earth receives only small part of this energy. The solar energy received at the earth’s surface is called insulation.

The temperature of a place depends on the insulation ‘it receives. The insulation received is maximum in the equatorial region. Places in the frigid zones receive the least insulation and are the coldest. Thus the temperature decreases at higher latitudes.

Altitude means the height above sea level. The temperature of the atmosphere decreases when there is an increase of the altitude-

Places near the sea generally have a moderate climate, compared to places on the same latitudes which are far from the sea.

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Important Questions

1. By about how much degree does the temperature of the atmosphere decrease with an ascent of every 165 meters?

Ans. I’C.

2. What is the name of the climate of the coastal region?

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Ans. Maritime climate.

3. The climate of which area is known as continental climate?

Ans. The regions far from the sea have higher daily and annual variations in temperature. The climate of these regions is called continental climate.

4. What is sea breeze ?

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Ans. On day time the cooler air above the sea moves towards the land to occupy the place of the rising warm air. The wind blowing in from the sea is known as sea breeze.

5. What is land breeze ?

Ans. At night, the land looses heat faster than the sea, so the sea is warmer. The wind blows from the land to the sea and is known as land breeze.

6. How does the air get warmer ?

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Ans. After getting heat from the sun, the earth became hot and then air masses receive heat from the earth.

7. Through which medium the heat reaches the earth ?

Ans. Radiation.