A. Judiciary

1. The power of the Supreme Court of India to decide disputes between the Centre and the State falls under its: [1996]

(a) advisory jurisdiction

(b) appellate jurisdiction

ADVERTISEMENTS:

(c) original jurisdiction

(d) constitutional jurisdiction

2. When the Chief Justice of a High Court acts in an administrative capacity, he is subject to: [1996]

(a) the writ jurisdiction of any of the other judges of the High Court

ADVERTISEMENTS:

(b) special control exercised by the Chief Justice of India

(c) discretionary powers of the Governor of the state

(d) special powers provided to the Chief Minister

3. According to the Constitution of India the term ‘district judge’ shall not include: [1996]

ADVERTISEMENTS:

(a) chief presidency magistrate

(b) sessions judges

(c) tribunal judge

(d) chief judge of a small cause court

ADVERTISEMENTS:

4. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Willful disobedience or non-compliance of Court orders and use of derogatory language about judicial behaviour amount to Contempt of Court.

Reason (R): Judicial activism cannot be practiced without arming the judiciary with punitive powers to punish contemptuous behaviour.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct? [1997]

ADVERTISEMENTS:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true but R is false

(d) A is false but R is true

ADVERTISEMENTS:

5. The Supreme Court of India tenders advice to the President on a matter of law or fact: [2001]

(a) on its own initiative

(b) only if he seeks such advice

(c) only if the matter relates to the Fundamental Rights of citizens

(d) only if the issue poses a threat to the unity and integrity of the country

6. Consider the following statements regarding the High Courts in India: [2001]

1. There are eighteen High Courts in the country

2. Three of them have jurisdiction over more than one state

3. No Union Territory has High Court of its own

4. Judges of the High Court hold office till the age of 62

Which of these statements is/are correct?

(a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 2 and 3

(c) 1 and 4 (d) 4 only

7. The salaries and allowances of the Judges of the High Court are charged to the: [2002]

(a) Consolidated Fund of India

(b) Consolidated Fund of the State

(c) Contingency Fund of India

(d) Contingency Fund of the State

8. The power to enlarge the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India with respect to any matter included in the Union List of Legislative Powers rests with: [2003]

(a) The President of India

(b) The Chief Justice of India

(c) The Parliament

(d) The Union Ministry of Law, Justice and Company Affairs

9. Which one of the following High Courts has the Territorial Jurisdiction over Andaman and Nicobar Islands? [2003]

(a) Andhra Pradesh (b) Kolkata

(c) Chennai (d) Orissa

10. Consider the following statements: [2004]

1. The highest criminal court of the district is the Court of District and Session Judge

2. The District Judge are appointed by the Governor in consultation with the High Courts

3. A person to be eligible for appointment as a District Judge should be an advocate or a pleader of seven years’ standing or more, or an officer injudicial service of the Union or the State judiciary

4. When the Sessions Judge awards death sentence, it must be confirmed by the High Court before it is carried out

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 and2 (b) 2,3and4

(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and4

11. According to the National Human Rights Commission Act, 1993, who amongst the following can be its Chairman? [2004]

(a) Any serving Judge of the Supreme Court

(b) Any serving Judge of the High Court

(c) Only a retired Chief Justice of India

(d) Only a retired Chief Justice of a High Court

12. Which one of the following is the correct sequence in the descending order of precedence in the warrant of precedence? [2004]

(a) Attorney General of India-Judges of the Supreme Court-Members of Parliament-Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha

(b) Judges of the Supreme court-Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha-Attorney General of India-Members of Parliament

(c) Attorney General of India Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha-Judges of the Supreme Court-Members of Parliament

(d) Judges of the Supreme Court-Attorney General of India-Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha-Members of Parliament

13. Consider the following statements: [2005]

1. There are 25 High Courts in India.

2. Punjab, Haryana and the Union Territory of Chandigarh have a common High Court.

3. National Capital Territory of Delhi has a High Court of its own.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2

(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 3 only

14. Consider the following statements: [2005]

1. The Parliament cannot enlarge the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India as its jurisdiction is limited to that conferred by the constitution.

2. The officers and servants of the Supreme Court and High Courts are appointed by the concerned Chief Justice and the administrative expenses are charged on the Consolidated fund of India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

15. Assertion (A): In India, every State has a High Court in its territory.

Reason (R): The Constitution of India provides a High Court in each State. [2006]

Codes:

(a) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are individually true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of’ A.

(b) Both’ A’ and R’ are individually true but’ R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’.

(c) ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false.

(d) ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true.

16. Who was the Chief Justice of India when Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was introduced to the Indian Judicial System? [2006]

(a) M. Hidayatullah (b) A. M.Ahmadi

c) A. S. Anand (d) P. N. Bhagwati

17. Consider the following statements: [2006]

1. A person who has held office as a permanent Judge of a High Court cannot plead or act in any court or before any authority in India except of the Supreme Court.

2. A person is not qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court in India unless he has for at least five years held a judicial office in the territory of India.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

18. Consider the following statements: [2007]

1. The mode of removal of a Judge of a High Court in India is same as that of removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court.

2. After retirement from the office, a permanent Judge of a High Court cannot plead or act in any court or before any authority in India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

19. How many High Courts in India have jurisdiction over more than one State (Union Territories not included)? [2008]

(a) 2 (b) 3

(c) 4 (d) 5

20. With reference to Lok Adalats, consider the following statements: [2009]

1. An award made by a Lok Adalat is deemed to be a decree of a civil court and no appeal lies against there to before any court.

2. Matrimonial/Family disputes are not covered under Lok Adalat.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and2 (d) Neither 1 nor2

21. With reference to Lok Adalats, which of the following statements is correct? [2010]

(a) Lok Adalats have the jurisdiction to settle the matters at pre-litigative stage and not those matters pending before any court

(b) Lok Adalats can deal with matters which are civil and not criminal in nature.

(c) Every Lok Adalat consists of either serving or retired judicial officers only or not any other person.

(d) None of the statements given above is correct.

B. Right Issues

1. Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion etc. (Article 15 of the Constitution of India) is a Fundamental Rights classifiable under: [1995]

(a) the Right to Freedom of Religion

(b) the Right against Exploitation

(c) the Cultural and Educational Rights

(d) the Right to Equality

2. Consider the following statements: [1996] No one can be compelled to sing the National Anthem since:

1. it will be violative of the Right to freedom of speech and expression

2. it will be violative of the Right to freedom of conscience and practise and propagation of religion

3. there is no legal provision obliging anyone to sing the National Anthem

(a) 1 and 2 are correct (b) 2 and 3 are correct

(c) 1,2 and 3 are correct (d) none is correct

3. A British citizen staying in India cannot claim right to:

(a) Freedom of trade and profession [1999]

(b) Equality before the Law

(c) Protection of life and personal liberty

(d) Freedom of religion

4. The following news item appeared in a National daily dated 1-12-1999:

“..Parliament today rejected a Bill to grant women the right to vote and stand for office in parliamentary elections, by a margin of32 to 30.

The National Assembly was split between liberal pro-government and Shiite Muslim deputies who were in favour of women’s rights, while the opposition camp grouped Sunni Muslim fundamentalists and tribal MPs. A total of 64 MPs and Ministers were present, of whom two abstained.” [2000]

The Parliament referred to in this quotation is that of:

(a) Kuwait (b) Iran

(c) Bahrain (d) Saudi Arabia

5. In the Indian Constitution, the Right to equality is granted by five Articles. They are: [2002]

(a) Article 16 to Article 20

(b) Article 15 to Article 19

(c) Article 14 to Article 18

(d) Article 13 to Article 17

6. Which one of the following rights was described by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the heart and soul of the Constitution? [2002] (a) Right to freedom of religion

(b) Right to property

(c) Right to equality

(d) Right to Constitutional remedies

7. Which one of the following authorities recommends the principles governing the grants-in-aid of the revenues to the states out of the Consolidated Fund of India? [2002]

(a) Finance Commission

(b) Inter-State Council

(c) Union Ministry of Finance

(d) Public Accounts Committee

8. Consider the following statements: [2005]

1. Article 301 pertains to the right to property.

2. Right to property is a legal right but not a Fundamental Right.

3. Article 300 A was inserted in the constitutional Amendment.

Which of the statement given above is/are correct?

(a) 2 only (b) 2 and 3

(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1,2 and 3

9. Consider the following statements: [2006]

1. Free and compulsory education to the children of 6-14 years age-group by the State by the seventy-sixth Amendment to the Constitution of India.

2. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan seeks to provide computer education even in rural areas.

3. Education was included in the Concurrent List by the Forty-second A-mendment, 1976 to the Constitution of India’.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2, only

(c) 2 and 3, only (d) 1 and 3, only

10. With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Right s of the Child, consider the following: [2010]

1. The Rights of Development

2. The Right to Expression

3. The Right to Recreation

Which of the above is/are the Rights of the child?

(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Answers:

A. Judiciary

1. (c) According to article 131, The SC have original jurisdiction in any dispute – (a) between the Government of India & one or more States; or (b) between the Government of India and any State or States on one side and one or more other States on the other; or (c) between two or more States

2. (a)

3. (c) Under article 236 of the Constitution, The term “District

Judge” includes judge of a city civil court, additional district judge, joint district judge, assistant district judge, chief judge of a small cause court, chief presidency magistrate, additional chief presidency magistrate, sessions judge and assistant sessions judge and additional sessions judge.

4. (b) Assertion and Reason as independent statements are true. But does not explain each other.

5. (b) as per provisions under article 143

6. (d) There are 21 High Courts in India. Six (Bombay, Calcutta, Guwahati, Kerala, Madras and Punjab & Haryana High Court) of them have jurisdiction over more than one state. National Capital Territory of Delhi has High Court of its own.

7. (b) The salaries and allowances of the Judges of the HC are charged to the Consolidated fund of the state but their pensions are payable as charged expenditure (art 112(3)).

8. (c) such is the prerogative of the Parliament.

9. (b)

10. (d) These provisions are given under Article 233-235 in the chapter of Subordinate Courts in the Constitution of India.

11. (c) According to NHRC Act 1993, only a retired CJI can become chairman of NHRC, appointed by President on the recommendation of a committee comprising of PM, Speaker of Lok Sabha, Home Minister, Leader of Opposition of both Houses of Parliament and Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha

12. (b) President comes first, Vice-President second, Prime minister third and Governors of states with in their respective State comes fourth in the Warrant of precedence.

13. (a) There are 21 High Courts in India at present with three new states created in the year 2000, having their own High Courts (Chattisgarh at Bilaspur, Uttarakhand at Nainital and Jharkhand at Ranchi). Punjab, Haryana & Chandigarh have a common HC at Chandigarh.

14. (b) The statement (1) is not correct as according to article 138(1) of the constitution Parliament can enlarge the jurisdiction and powers of the SC w.r.t to any of the matters in the Union List. Where as SC’s jurisdiction w.r.t. to any other matter can be enlarged by a special agreement of Government of India and Government of any State.

15. (d) Statement is incorrect as there are only 21 High Courts for 28 states and 7 UTs.

16. (d) PN Bhagwati was the CJI (July 1985-Dec 1986) and during his tenure as CJI, P1L was introduced to Indian judicial system.

17. (d) Statement 1 is incorrect because after retirement a permanent judge of High Court shall not plead or act in a Court or before any authority in India, except the SC and a HC other than the HC in which he had held his office (art 220).

Statement 2 is incorrect as according to article 217, A person is not qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court in India unless he has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India.

18. (a) Statement 2 is incorrect because after retirement a permanent judge of High Court shall not plead or act in a Court or before any authority in India, except the SC and a HC other than the HC in which he had held his office (art 220).

19, (b) Bombay HC (Maharashtra & Goa); Guwahati (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram & Arunachal Pradesh); Pb & Haryana HC (Punjab, Haryana)

20. (a)

21. (d)Cases that are pending in regular courts can be transferred to a Lok Adalat if both the parties agree. These are usually presided over by retired judges, social activists, or other members of the legal profession. Lok adalats can deal with any matter falling within the jurisdiction of civil, criminal etc.

B. Right Issues

1. (d) Article 14-18 are covered under Right to equality. Article 23&24 – Right against exploitation. Article 25-28 – Right to freedom of religion. Article 29&30 – Cultural and educational rights

2. (*) Best answer should be 1&3. No such combination is given is the options.

3. (a) Because Fundamental rights under article 15, 16,19 & 30 are exclusive to the Citizens of India. Freedom of trade and profession comes under article 19(1) (g).

4. (a) Now a Irrelevant Question

5. (c) There are 6 groups of Fundamental Rights: Right to equality (14-18), Right to Freedom (19-22), Right against exploitation (23 &24), Right to freedom of religion (25-28), Cultural & Educational rights (29&30), Right to Constitutional remedies (32)

6. (d) Right to Constitutional remedies under article 32 is a Fundamental Right.

7. (a) As per provisions under article 280

8. (a) Article 301 pertains to freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse. In the original constitution right to property was a Fundamental right under article 19(1) (f). But 44 amendment act, 1978 omitted sub clause f, and inserted article 300A to make right to property a Legal right. The Government at that time was Janta Party Government.

9. (c) Statement 1 is incorrect as this provision was added by 86th amendment act (not 76th).

10. (d) The Convention on the Rights of the Child (adopted on Nov. 20,1989) is the first legally binding international instrument to incorporate the full range of human rights- civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights.