Stress is a kind of physical, mental or emotional demand which disturbs the homeostasis of the body.
Stress is the state of increased arousal necessary for an organism to defend itself at a time of danger.
Alterations of hormones in the body include not only adrenaline, but also substances like testosterone and human growth hormone.
Up to a certain point stress is beneficial. We perform with greater energy and increased awareness with the influx of excitatory hormones that release immediate energy.
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The stress hormones which are protective initially and liberated for self- preservation may cause damage due to overproduction.
This has an effect on the entire metabolism, including the rate at which our cells grow and are repaired as well as the production of the cells in the immune system.
The hormonal surge of glucocorticoids released to promote utilization of glucose as well as the conversion of protein and lipids to usable glucose can become detrimental in the long run.
One clinical symptom that arises from this hormonal imbalance is an increase in appetite, which in chronic situation, may lead to obesity.
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Catecholamines also increases blood pressure and repeated spikes of hypertension may promote formation of atherosclerotic plaques, particularly with combination of high cholesterol and lipids can ultimately lead to heart disease and stroke.
Advance in medical technology like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enable us to develop clear images of specific parts of the brain, which in return allow us to see where exactly stress is Psychology and Sociology of Sports, Exercise and Physical Education affecting the brain.
The hippocampus-which has glucocorticoid receptors is actually noted to be 12 percent smaller in volume in people with stress disorders.