A decade after the conclusion of the Boxer Rebellion, China witnessed another revolution which resulted in the establishment of the Republic of China under Sun Yat Sen. However, soon Sun Yat Sen resigned from Presidency and Yuan Shih-kai succeeded him. During the next few years China passed through a period of dissensions.
Yuan tried to negotiate a large loan with foreign bankers and thus provided lot of influence to Britain, France, Germany and Russia. This was not approved by Sun Yat Sen and he criticized it. As a result a sort of civil war broke out in China. In the midst of these developments the First World War broke out, which greatly contributed to the development of nationalism in China.