(a) Subsistence agriculture

(i) It is the cultivation of crops for local consump­tion on small farms,

(ii) They use primitive tools and implements,

(iii) Old seeds are used,

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(iv) Food crops are cultivated,

(v) The produce is less,

(vi) It is practiced in densely populated countries like India, China.

(b) Commercial agriculture

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(i) Cultivation of seasonal cash crops for the market to obtain cash,

(ii) Farms are larger than in subsistence farming,

(iii) Crops like cotton, sugarcane, jute are cultivated.

(c) Plantation

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(i) Scientific and systematic cultivation of a single crop on a large scale resembling factory line production,

(ii) Farms are very large,

(iii) Perennial/tree crops are cultivated,

(iv) Yield from the field is ob­tained after 5 to 6 years,

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(v) They arc export oriented crops like tea, coffee and rubber.