Due to continuous increase in the number of endangered species of flora and fauna, it has become essential to protect plant and animal life conservation of living resources will need (a) maintenance of ecological processes and life supporting systems (b) preservation of biodiversity of species and (c) sustainable utilization of species and ecosystem.

Conservation of living resources is a complex operation which is specifically concerned with plants, animals and micro­organisms with these non-living elements of the environment on which they depend.

The importance of the need for protecting endangered species is mentioned as follows:

1. Plants and animals posse’s undiscovered or undeveloped traits which are very important for survival of a particular species. The genes of all the individual members collected together to create a gene pool will be useful in future. Gene pools are also important to agriculturist.

ADVERTISEMENTS:

2. Many plants and animals genes are needed to improve domestic crops and livestock. Many plants have medicine value. In our daily life we use many things which are products of wildlife and they have economic value.

3. Aesthetic value of a species also promotes its preservation. The taste of wild berries, the refreshing fragrance of wild flower and the softness of a bid mass have non­monetary value but their aseptic value provokes us to preserve them.

4. The function of a species whether plant or animal is very critical to ecosystem stability. It is well known that ecosystem includes abiotic factors like temperature

Preserving species is not a simple matter. The problem of wildlife management is very complex. There are two bases approaches for the wildlife management in protected habitats. These are:

ADVERTISEMENTS:

1. Ex situ conservation-wildlife conser­vation in captivity under human care).

2. In situ conservation-wildlife conser­vations similar to natural environment).

1. Ex situ Conservation:

Examples of ex situ conservation for animal preservation include 2005 gave for, aquaria and capture breeding programmers. Plants are mentioned in botanical gardens and seed banks.

ADVERTISEMENTS:

Wild animals have always like alert complete for food, water and space and have to die due to injuries, diseases, starvation or threat. They are unable to breed due to absence of mute. The advantage of wildlife management is capability of that (a) organism live longer under human case and is ensured of food, water; security etc. (b) genetic technique could be used to improve the conserved species (c) low population in natural habitats can be strengthened with organisms breed and multiplied.

2. In situ Conservation:

The best strategy for the long-term protection of biodiversity is the preservation of natural communities and population in the world known as in situ or on-site preservation. Conservation of biological diversity under natural conditions involves setting aside a large proportion of earth surface for wildlife. However, for many rare species in situ preservation is not a viable option in the face of increasing human disturbances.

Species may declined and go extinct in the wild due to genetic drift and in breeding demographic and environmental variation, habitat loss, deteriorating habitat quality, competition from exotic species disease or over exploitation.

ADVERTISEMENTS:

In case a remnant population is too small to persist or if all the remaining individuals are found outside of protected areas then in situ preservation may not be effective. The best approach for in situ conservation includes protection of a group of ecosystem through a network of protected area such as National Park and Sanctuaries biosphere reserves etc.