In 1820, a successful revolt broke out in Spain against Ferdinand VII. When the news reached Italy, the patriots also decided to rise into revolt. First of all, a revolt erupted in Naples. The people demanded the liberal constitution of 1812.
The people of Piedmont also followed the path adopted by the people of Naples. The kings of both states had to accept the demands of the people. They established the liberal administration in their respective states.
But Metternich was much worried due to these changes. His policy was based upon the establishment of status quo in Europe. Any change which threatened the peace of Europe was invariably to be prevented.
He, therefore, called the meeting of the allied powers at Laibach. In spite of the opposition England, Metternich was authorised to suppress the revolts of Naples and Piedmont with the help of military.
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Austrian army was sent to Naples and it suppressed the revolt. While returning from Naples, the army also crushed the revolt of Piedmont. Both of these revolts were led by Carbonari. Thus, the patriots bitterly failed in their first attempt at the national unity of Italy.