39 Short Questions and Answers on Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
1. When did the Ecosystem come into existence?
Crores of years ago.
2. What are the three forms of natural vegetation?
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(i) Forests
(ii) Grass
(iii) Shrubs and bushes.
3. How many species of plants and trees are there in India?
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About 47000.
4. Divide the plants into two major categories. What is the number of flowering plants found in India?
(i) Flowering plants.
(ii) Non-flowering plants.
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15000 types of flowering plants are found in India.
5. Name the five major categories of natural vegetation found in India.
(i) Tropical Rain Forests
(ii) Tropical Deciduous Forests
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(iii) Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs
(iv) Temperate Forests with Grasslands
(v) Alpine and Tundra Forests.
6. What are Tropical Rain Forests?
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Evergreen. These forests grow on the areas where annual rainfall exceeds 200 cm.
7. Which rainfall regions have tropical evergreen forests?
Regions having more than 200 cm of annual rainfall.
8. Enumerate the regions of tropical rain forests.
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(i) Western slopes of the Western Ghats
(ii) Lakshadweep
(iii) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(iv) Tamil Nadu Coast
(v) Upper parts of Assam.
9. Enumerate the major species of trees of the tropical rain forests.
Ebony, Mahogani, Rosewood, commercially important trees.
10. Name the dominant type of forests found in India.
Tropical Deciduous forests or Monsoon forests.
11. where are Tropical Deciduous forests found in India?
In the regions with annual average rainfall of 70 to 200 cm.
12. Divide the Tropical Deciduous forests into two major categories.
(i) Moist Deciduous forests
(ii) Dry Deciduous forests.
13. Name the areas of Moist Deciduous forests.
Eastern slopes of Western Ghats, Eastern parts of India, North-eastern states of India, Himalayan foothills Jharkhand, West Odisha, Chhattisgarh.
14. Which is the representative tree of the moist deciduous forests?
Teak.
15. Name the representative trees of Dry Deciduous forests.
Sal.
16. Where are the thorny forests found in India?
In the regions of less than 70 cm of annual rainfall.
17. Name the regions of their occurrence.
Semiarid regions of Gujarat, M.P., Rajasthan, U.P. and Haryana.
18. What are the useful trees of thorny forests?
Babul, Kikkar, Cactus and Dates, Acacias, Palm, euphorbias and cacti.
19. What is meant by endangered species?
Species having danger of being extinct.
20. Name the Biosphere reserve situated in M.P.
Panchmari.
21. What type of forests is found on the Shiwalik Foothills?
Tropical Deciduous forests.
22. Mention the height at which Coniferous forests are found.
Between 1500 and 3000 metres.
23. How many species of animals are found in India?
89000 species, (animals and birds constitute nearly 13% of the world total.)
24. Where is the Bengal Tiger found in India?
Sunderbans of the Ganga Delta.
25. Where are leopards, clouded leopards and snow-leopards found in India?
Upper reaches of the Himalayas.
26. Which interesting animals are found in the Himalayan ranges?
(i) Wild sheep
(ii) Blue sheep
(iii) Mountain goats
(iv) Ibex
(v) Tibetan antelope
(vi) Bharal
(vii) Snow leopard
(viii) Kiang (Tibetan wild ass).
27. Where do the lesser panda and the leopard live in the Himalayas?
Upper reaches of the Himalayas.
28. Name the species of monkeys.
(i) Langur
(ii) Lion-tailed monkeys have hair round the face which appears like a halo.
29. Which is the national bird?
Peacock.
30. Mention major birds of India.
Peacocks, peasants, geese, duck, mynahs, parakeets, pigeons, cranes, hornbills and sunbirds.
31. How many reserves are situated in India for tigers?
16 Tiger Reserves.
32. Name five important Bio-reserves of India.
(i) Nilgiri (1st in India)
(ii) Nanda Devi
(iii) Nokrek
(iv) Andaman and Nicobars
(v) Sunderb
33. In which states does the Nilgiri reserve extend?
On the trijunction of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
34. Where is Rhino project being implemented?
In Assam.
35. Give number of the endangered species of birds and plants.
1300 plant species, 20 species of animals.
36. Where was the first biosphere reserve set up?
At Nilgiri.
37. Where are Nanda Devi and Nokrek biosphere reserves situated?
(i) Nanda Devi in the Himalayas
(ii) Nokrek in Meghalaya.
38. Write three measures to conserve ecosystem.
Measures to Conserve Ecosystem
(i) Deforestation has disturbed our ecosystem. It must be stopped forthwith.
(ii) Indiscriminate killing of wild animals has distorted our ecosystem. This killing of animals should be stopped immediately.
(iii) Ecosystem can be conserved by developing more sanctuaries, national parks and biosphere reserves.
39. Name major vegetation regions to which Ebony and Sundari trees belong. Name two states where elephants are found?
Ebony belongs to Tropical Rain forests.
Sundari trees belong to Mangrove Forest vegetation region.
Two states where elephant are found:
(i) Assam, (ii) Kerala.