In this world, nothing conies free-everyone has to do some works, big or small, for living. As employment fulfils man’s basic need of food, shelter, comfort, it is absolutely needed. If men do not have opportunities of earning a livelihood, unemployment raises its ugly head.
In the Less Developed Countries (LDCs), unemployment is a major crisis which thwarts its peace and development. History does not present much record of unemployment. Most of the people earlier were self-sufficient, engaged in agriculture to earn their livelihood. With the advent of Industrial Revolution manual power is replaced by machine power.
The more sophisticated and mechanised are the industrial sector, the more is the unemployment as machines substitute manual labour.
With the development of cities, the rural population comes to the cities in search of better job, better life-thus the cities turn out to be over crowded. Population is so high in the Third World countries that it is almost impossible for the governments in these countries to provide jobs to all.
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Faulty educational system, indiscipline, along with corruption in politics, is also responsible for unemployment. But the main reason for unemployment is obviously automation. No doubt automation brings new scope for employment but it is true mostly in developed countries of the West. In an underdeveloped country like India, man-power is the main strength. Replacing man with machine thus adds misery than prosperity.
Unemployment problem, if not solved, will not only be a threat to the economy of a country but will also destroy the moral and ethical values of man. This will create social unrest and anti-social activities will rise. Thus, governments of every civilised nation give outmost importance to solve the problem of unemployment.
The obvious remedies of unemployment problem are taking up of various development projects and big industries-both in the public and private sectors. The small scale and cottage industries must be developed simultaneously.
The government must create more employment schemes, loan facilities should be liberalised and impartial, politicians should stop making false promises and must not play with the emotion of the common mass, corruption should be curbed sternly. Along with this, family planning has to be made compulsory.