Second World War caused enormous destruction of lives, homes, industries and communication in Europe.
After this war the USA and USSR emerged as the two most powerful nations in the world, and they were no longer as isolated as they had been before the war. The USA had suffered relatively a little from the war and had enjoyed great prosperity from supplying the other allies the war material and food.
The Americans had the world’s largest navy and air force and they controlled the atomic bombs. The USSR, though severely weakened, still had the largest army in the world. Both countries were highly suspicious of each other’s intentions and had started polarizing European powers in their own favour.
The rivalry of these super-powers is known as cold war and had been responsible for the divide of the Europe Eastern and Western. It was a kind of ideological divide. The countries of Eastern-Europe were influenced by the socialist ideology and so naturally they were inclined towards Russia while countries supporting capitalism and democratize were polarized in favour of USA.
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The establishment of Communist governments is Eastern Europe caused alarm in the West. Due to Russia’s interference Communist governments were formed in Poland, Hungry, Bulgaria, Albania and Romania. In response to their Communist governments North Atlantic Treaty Organisation was took place that was to co-ordinate defense of the Western Europe.