(a) Location
Cool east margin (Midlatitude) region having laurentian type climate is located in the Midlatitude on the cool eastern margin of the continents in the northern hemisphere. North of warm east margin region. It includes north Japan, Korea, Manchuria, North China and Eastern Siberia in Asia. In North America it covers North Eastern USA, Canada and New Foundland.
(b) Natural environment
(i) Climate The region experiences warm wet summers and cold dry winters. Annual range of temperature is high as the summers are hot and the winters very cold.
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(ii) Vegetation Natural vegetation consists of deciduous forest in the south and coniferous forests in the north beyond 50°.
(c) Human response
(i) Lumbering is important in the north because of the availability of coniferous trees, which are used for wood pulp and paper.
(ii) Fishing on commercial basis has developed in USA and Japan. There are rich fishing grounds which are rich in planktons, the fish food. Grand Bank off New Foundland is the world’s largest fishing ground.
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(iii) Fish is the staple food item of Japan.
(iv) Industrialization has developed on a large scale after clearing of the forest.