What are the specific steps that need to be taken to expand and improve the education for Women’s in our country?

The National Council on Women’s Education set up in 1958 under the chairmanship of Smt. Durgabai Deshmukh recommended certain specific steps to expand and improve the education of women in the country.

They specifically stated that women’s education should be treated as a major programme in the field of education and the gaps between boys’ and girls’ education must be bridged in no time. They urged upon the centre and the states to prepare some special schemes and set up special machinery to execute them.

Important Recommendations are as follows:

(a) “Education of women should be regarded as a major special problem” and should receive “the highest priority” so that funds required for the purpose be “considered to be the first charge on the sums set aside for the development of education”.

(b) A national council for women’s education and state councils for the same be created to should be special units in the Indian Ministry of Education and the state directorates of education

(c) In place of the matching grants for women’s’ education, the Government of India should underlie to give 100% grants to the states for the development of education of women

(d) To secure women teachers, particularly, in rural areas, condensed coyrses-for adult women: should be instituted. Urban women should be given special inducements like quarters and rural allowance to work in those areas.

Recommendations Made by Committees and Commissions:

Since the advent of independence different commissions and committees have been setup by Government of India to look into the progress of education in general. They have recommended tin following measures for the improvement of women education in India.

Recommendations of the University Education Commission

(a) Amenities of Life:

The ordinary amenities of life should be provided for women in college! Originally planned for men but to which women are being admitted in increasing numbers.

(b) Educational Opportunity:

There should be no curtailment in educational opportunities for women but rather a great increase.

(c) Educational Guidance:

There should be intelligent educational guidance by qualified men and women to help women to get a clear view of their real educational interests so that they should imitate men but should provide good education according to their needs and capacities.

Women’s and men’s education should have many elements in common, but should not in general be identical in all respects as is usually the case these days.

(d) Normal Place in Society:

Women in general should be helped to see their normal place society courtesy and social responsibility in mixed colleges.

(e) Courtesy and Social Responsibility:

Men should be impressed upon to extend right courtesy and social responsibility in mixed colleges.

(f) Equality in Co-educational Institutions:

In co-educational Institutions, due weight age should be given to women.

(g) Equal Salaries:

Women teachers should be paid the same salaries as men teachers for equal work The Three Language Formula

The Central Advisory Board of Education did not accept all the recommendations of the Secondary Education Commission. In 1956, the Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE) chartered a formula to solve the problem to study of languages at various stages of education. This formula is called Three Language Formula.

According to this formula, every student in a Secondary School shall have to study the following three languages:

1. (a) Mother tongue, or (b) Regional language, or (c) A composite course of mother tongue and regional language, or (d) A composite course of Mother tongue and classical language, (e) A composite course of regional language and a classical language.

2. English or a modern European Language.

3. (i) Hindi (for Non-Hindi areas) or (ii) Any other Modern Indian Language (For Hindi speaking areas).