National integration is an essential theme of nation building it brings adverse groups of a nation into a common body. The problem of integration is not unique to India, as a large number of new nations have faced the monstrous problem of integrating the nation from the plentifulness of diversities and separate, often conflicting interests.
In India the problem of integration has its own structural, regional, economic, political and religious implications. Geopolitically India has its units. Structurally India has no monolithic structure in terms of diversity different levels of social evolution co-exist in India.
Most of the major religious of the world namely Hinduism, Islam, Christianity and Buddhism are found here. Indian society is pluralistic in character. It has a composite culture; it has diverse ethnic groups, religious, languages and regions.
Every Indian is integrated to his nation and at the same time he is loyal to differential group in which membership is held. It is unnatural and impossible to eliminate differential loyalties of people. There is always perennial fear that loyalties based on any one of them can always make appearance in political term from the ethnic groups. The feeling of ethnicity may always crystallize from regional loyalties. The regionalism can precipitate from sharing the same language.
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In other words, the threats to integration are contained in the very nation of diversity. Loyalties substantiated on any basis, may demand separate region for them a state or they may show concerned for fission of the country.