(a) The inability to control the changing patterns of independent variables. As already explained, independent variables in social behavioural situations vary in a very complex and independent fashion and restrict the manipulate character of the researcher. As such in many a situation, it becomes very difficult and sometimes impossible to disentangle the separate influences of independent variables on dependent one.
(b) The ex-facto research findings owe the risk of improper interpretations. This is also mainly due to the fact that the control on independent variable is very weak and one really does not make out in a clear way as to what the research findings are pertaining to.
(c) The ex-post fact research may not have any particular hypothesis as there is likelihood that such a hypothesis may predict a spurious relationship between independent and dependent variables.