Bio-degradable pollution which mainly involves water and soil causes little long range problems. Actually, it is the enormous quantity of sewage and organic wastes which causes difficulties.
Large towns and cities discharge a tremendous volume of waste material for handling and treatment of which adequate facilities are often not available. Smaller amounts of such pollutants pose no prooiems as the biological agencies of degradation quickly decompose most of the organic matter forming carbon dioxide, water and mineral matter. Problems associated with bio-degradable pollution can be summed up as follows:
1. The problem of odorous gases and volatile substances derived from organic wastes.
2. The problem of abundance of infectious microbes.
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3. The problem of oxygen deficit caused by decomposition of organic matter.
4. The problem of generation of plenty of plant nutrients in water bodies.