Presently two main sub-divisions of ecology are the following:
(i) Autecology
(ii) Synecology
(i) Autecology:
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This branch of ecology studies an individual organism including its life history and behaviour as a means of adaptation to the environment. Such a study may be concerning an animal, a plant or an aquatic plant etc.
(ii) Synecology:
This branch of ecology is concerned with the study of a group or groups of organisms which form a unit.
Synecology is further sub-divided in the following:
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(a) Population ecology
(b) Community ecology
(c) Ecosystem ecology