(i) Chennai:
It is one of the oldest artificial ports of the country. It is ranked next to Mumbai in terms of volume of trade and cargo.
(ii) Vishakhapatnam:
It is the deepest land-locked and well-protected port. This port was originally conceived as an outlet for iron ore exports.
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(iii) Paradip Port:
It is located in Odisha and specialises in the export of iron ore.
(iv) Kolkata:
It is an inland riverine port. This port serves a very large and rich hinterland of Ganga-Brahmputra basin. Being a tidal port, it requires constant dredging of Hoogly.
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(v) Haldia Port:
It was developed as a subsidiary port, in order to relieve growing pressure on the Kolkata port.