Matter is the material of which the universe is composed of. Matter may be defined as something that occupies space, possess mass, and offers resistance to any stress (forces applied on it).

A definite variety of matter, all simple of which have the same properties is commonly called as a substance. For example, sugar is a substance, because even the smallest particle of sugar is sweet.

Physical and chemical properties of matter

Obviously, from their facial looks, voice etc. Similarly, different kinds of matter are recognized by their properties. A property of matter is a quality or characteristics of that sample of matter. For example, diamond is hard, copper is a good conductor of electricity –these are the properties of Diamond and copper.

The properties of matter can be divided into two classes- physical and chemical properties.

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Physical properties-

All those properties of a substance which can be determined without changing its composition or constitution are called physical properties. The properties such as, Color, Taste, Density, Odor, Hardness, Melting point, Boiling point, Conductivity etc., are physical properties.

Chemical properties:

All those properties of a substance which can be determined only when it undergoes a change in its chemical composition or constitution are called chemical properties. The properties such as, chemical reaction with air, acids, alkalis are chemical properties.