1. Which life process ensures that a plant or animal species will not disappear from this earth?

2. What is the name of the reproductive process:

(a) which involves two parents?

(b) which involves only one parent?

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3. State whether the following statement is true or false:

Spores produced by the bread mould plant are actually its seeds.

4. Most of the plants reproduce by sexual method. Name two plants which can reproduce asexually.

5. Which type of reproduction?

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(a) involves gametes?

(b) does not involve gametes ?

6. State whether human beings reproduce by sexual method or asexual method.

7. (a) Name two animals which reproduce sexually.

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(b) Name two animals which reproduce asexually.

8. Name one organism which reproduces by spore formation.’

9. Name the method by which Paramecium reproduces. Is this method sexual or asexual?

10. Name two plants:

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(a) which can be grown from their broken stems.

(b) which can be grown from their leaves.

11. Name the asexual method of reproduction in yeast.

12. Name the asexual method of reproduction in (a) Hydra, and (b) Plasmodium.

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13. What is the name of asexual reproduction method in : (0 Spirogyra, and (ii) Leishmania ?

14. Name the artificial propagation mehod used for the propagation of (a) rose plants, and (b) apple trees.

15. Which artificial propagation method is used for the production of jasmine plants?

16. Name the natural method by which strawberry plants are propagated.

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17. Name two plants which are propagated by layering method.

18. Name any two plants which are propagated by cuttings method.

19. Write down the different methods of asexual reproduction.

20. Why are budding, fragmentation and regeneration, all considered to be asexual type of reproduction?

21. Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:

(a) The process of…… ensures continuity of life on earth.

(b) Plasmodium reproduces by the process of……. fission whereas Paramecium reproduces by the process of……….. fission.

(c) Rose plants and sugar cane crop are usually grown by the……. method.

(d) Vegetative reproduction of potato plants is done by using.

(e) Strawberry plants are propagated by the natural…….. method.

Short Answer Type Questions

22. (a) What is the basic difference between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction?

(b) Which of the following organisms reproduce by sexual method and which by asexual method? Amoeba, Cats, Humans, Hydra, Birds

23. (a) What is meant by regeneration? Name two animals which can regenerate fully from their cut body parts.

(.b) Explain why, more complex multicellular organisms cannot give rise to new organisms through regeneration.

24. Explain vegetative propagation with the help of two examples. List two advantages of vegetative propagation.

25. (a) What is meant by the term ‘artificial propagation of plants’?

(b) Name three common methods which are used for the artificial propagation of plants.

(c) Name two plants which are usually propagated by artificial propagation methods. Name the method of artificial propagation used in each case.

26. Describe the layering method for the artificial propagation of plants. Illustrate your answer with the help of a labelled diagram. Name any five plants which are propagated by the layering method.

27. (a) What is meant by the term ‘fission’ as used in biology?

(b) How does binary fission differ from multiple fission?

(c) Name one organism which reproduces by binary fission and another which reproduces by multiple fission.

(d) State whether the above named organisms are animals or plants.

28. (a) Can you consider cell division as a type of reproduction in unicellular organisms? Give reason.

(b) What is a clone? Why do offsprings formed by asexual reproduction exhibit remarkable similarity?

29. (a) The yeast cells fail to multiply in water but they multiply rapidly in sugar solution. Give one reason for it.

(b) Why does bread mould grow profusely on a moist slice of bread but not on a dry slice of bread?

30. (a) What is a tuber? Name one stem tuber and one root tuber.

(b) What is name of the organ of propagation present in a tuber?

(c) Name one commonly used vegetable which is propagated by using tubers.

31. (a) What is meant by vegetative propagation?

(b) Vegetative propagation involves the growth and development of ‘something’ present in the old part of the plant to form a new plant. What is this ‘something’?

(c) Why do green grass plants spring up in dry fields on their own after the rains?

32. (a) Explain how, new Bryophyllum plants can be produced from the leaves of the old plant? Illustrate your answer with the help of a labelled diagram. (b) How can you grow money plant by vegetative propagation?

33. Match the organisms given in column I with the methods of reproduction/propagation given in column II

Column I

Column II

(i)

Plasmodium

(a)

Spore formation

(ii)

Spirogyra

(b)

Leaves

(iii)

Jasmine

(c)

Regeneration

(iv)

Apple tree

(d)

Budding

(v)

Bryophyllum

(e)

Binary fission

(vi)

Potatoes

(f)

Layering

(vii)

Rhizopus

(g)

Fragmentation

(viii)

Hydra

(h)

Tubers

(ix)

Planaria

(i)

Cuttings

(x)

Leishmania

(j)

Multiple fission

(xi)

Sugar cane

(k)

Grafting

(xii)

Rose

Answers:

1. Reproduction 2. {a) Sexual reproduction (b) Asexual reproduction 3. False 4. Ferns and Mosses 5. (a) Sexual reproduction (b) Asexual reproduction 6. Sexual method 7. {a) Dogs and Cows (b) Amoeba and Hydra 8. Bread mould (Rhizopus fungus) 9. Binary fission ; Asexual method 10. (a) Bryophyllum and Money plant (b) Bryophyllum and Begonia 20. Because in all these methods of reproduction, new organisms (offsprings) are obtained from a single parent without the use of sex cells or gametes 21. (a) reproduction (b) multiple ; binary (c) cuttings (d) tubers (e) layering 22. (b) Sexual method : Cats, Humans, Birds ; Asexual method : Amoeba, Hydra 23. (a) Planaria and Hydra 27. (c) Binary fission : Amoeba ; Multiple fission : Plasmodium (d) Microscopic animals 28. (a) Yes, because it leads to the formation of two daughter cells 29. (a) Water does not provide any energy to yeast cells. So, yeast cells fail to multiply in water due to inadequate energy in its cells. Sugar provides energy to yeast cells to carry out reproduction by multiplying rapidly (b) Moisture is necessary for the growth of bread mould. The moist slice of bread provides both moisture and nutrients due to which bread mould grows profusely. On the other hand, the dry slice of bread provides nutrients but no moisture. So, in the absence of moisture, bread mould does not grow on the dry slice of bread 30. (a) Stem tuber : Potato ; Root tuber : Sweet potato (b) Buds (or Eyes) (c) Potatoes 31. (b) Buds 33. (i) j (ii) g (iii) f (iv) k (v) b (vi) h (vii) a (viii) d (ix) c (x) e (xi) i (xii)