Soap fewer detergents are very much like soap in appearance and use and are now being widely used as soap substitutes. These are made from chemicals that are produced synthetically in a chemical factory, hence also known as, ‘Synthetic Detergent’. These are derived from fats and oils, petroleum and benzene in solution, these detergents form liquids of varying degrees of alkanet. All soap less detergents have the advantages of not reacting with the water hardness, so they wash equally well in soft and hard water. They can also be used in water that has acid or salt added i.e. for washing coloured articles where the dye tends to run.
There is a greater and wider horizon for detergents. It is generally felt that detergents are better than soaps because they:
1. can be used in hard as well as soft water. They wet fabrics more quickly and
readily than soap.
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2. leave no soap scum or curd on tub or clothes.
3. dissolve freely even in cool water, rise freely even in hard water.
4. greatly increases removal of dirt.
5. contain superior built-in optical bleach or brighter which eliminates the need for
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excessive use of chlorine bleach or for bluing.
6. are active emulsifiers of motor grease?
7. are ‘one-package’ products containing not only detergent but also builders, optical?
bleach and water softener all ‘built in’ to do a superior soil-removal job.
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The expense of these detergents is greater than that of soap, however, it must be remembered that half as much only is used.