The following criteria can be used for assessment of conservation status of species A taxon is Critically Endangered (CE) when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the following criteria (A to E), and it is therefore considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
A taxon is Endangered (EN) when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the following criteria (A to E), and it is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. A taxon is Vulnerable (VU) when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the following criteria (A to E), and it is therefore considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild:
1. A. Reduction in population size based on any of the following: 1. An observed, estimated, inferred or suspected population size reduction of > =90% (CR) / >=70% (EN)/ >=50%(VU) over the last 10 years or three generations, whichever is the longer, where the causes of the reduction are clearly reversible AND understood AND ceased, based on (and specifying) any of the following:
a. direct observation
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b. an index of abundance appropriate to the taxon
c. a decline in area of occupancy, extent of occurrence and/or quality of habitat
d. actual or potential levels of exploitation
e. the effects of introduced taxa, hybridization, pathogens, pollutants, competitors or parasites.
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2. An observed, estimated, inferred or suspected population size reduction of >=80%(CR) / >=50% (EN) / >=30% (VU) over the last 10 years or three generations, whichever is the longer, where the reduction or its causes may not have ceased OR may not be understood OR may not be reversible, based on (and specifying) any of (a) to (e) under Al.
3. A population size reduction of >=80% (CR) / >=50% (EN) / >=30% (VU) projected or suspected to be met within the next 10 years or three generations, whichever is the longer (up to a maximum of 100 years), based on (and specifying) any of (b) to (e) under Al.
4. An observed, estimated, inferred, projected or suspected population size reduction of >=80% (CR) / >=50% (EN) / >=30% (VU) over any 10 year or three generation period, whichever is longer (up to a maximum of 100 years in the future), where the time period must include both the past and the future, and where the reduction or its causes may not have ceased OR may not be understood OR may not be reversible, based on (and specifying) any of (a) to (e) under Al.
B. Geographic range in the form of either B1 (extent of occurrence) OR B2 (area of occupancy) OR both:
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1. Extent of occurrence estimated to be less than 100 km2 (CR) / 5,000 km2 (EN)/ 20,000 km2 (VU), and estimates indicating at least two of a-c:
a. Severely fragmented or known to exist at only a single (CR) / no more than five (EN) / no more than 10 (VU) location(s).
b. Continuing decline, observed, inferred or projected, in any of the following:
(i) extent of occurrence
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(ii) area of occupancy
(iii) area, extent and/or quality of habitat
(iv) number of locations or subpopulations
(v) number of mature individuals.
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c. Extreme fluctuations in any of the following:
(i) extent of occurrence
(ii) area of occupancy
(iii) number of locations or subpopulations
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(iv) number of mature individuals.
A taxon is Critically Endangered (CE) when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the following criteria (A to E), and it is therefore considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
A taxon is Endangered (EN) when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the following criteria (A to E), and it is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild: A taxon is Vulnerable (VU) when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the following criteria (A to E), and it is therefore considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild:
A. Declining Population:
Reduction in population size of at least 80% (CR) / 50% (EN) / 20% (VU) over the last 10 years or three generations, whichever is the longer using either:
1. population size reduction observed, estimated, inferred or suspected in the past based on:
a. direct observation
b. an index of abundance appropriate to the taxon
c. a decline in area of occupancy, extent of occurrence and/or quality of habitat
d. actual or potential levels of exploitation
e. the effects of introduced taxa, hybridization, pathogens, pollutants, competitors or parasites.
2. population decline projected or suspected in the future based on (and specifying) any of (a) to (e) under Al.
B. Small Distribution and Decline of Fluctuation:
Extent of occurrence estimated to be less than 100 km2 (CR) / 5,000 km2 (EN) / 20,000 km2 (VU), or area of occupancy estimated to be less than 10 km2 (CR) / 500 km2 (EN) / 2,000 km2 (VU) and 2 of the following 3:
1. Either severely fragmented (isolated subpopulations with a reduced probability of recolonization, if one extinct) or known to exist at only a single (CR) / no more than five (EN) / no more than 10 (VU) location(s).
2. Continuing decline in any of the following:
a. extent of occurrence
b. area of occupancy
c. area, extent and/or quality of habitat
d. number of locations or subpopulations
e. number of mature individuals.
3. Fluctuations of greater than 1 order of magnitude (CR) / less than 1 order of magnitude (EN) / less than 1 order of magnitude (VU) in any of the following:
a. extent of occurrence
b. area of occupancy
c. number of locations or subpopulations
d. number of mature individuals.
C. Small Population Size and Decline
Number of mature individuals fewer than 250 (CR) / 2,5000 (EN) / 10,000 (VU) and either:
1. A rapid decline rate of at least 25% within three years or one generation (CR)/ 20% within five years or two generations (EN)/ 10% within 10 years (VU)OR
2. A continuing decline in numbers of mature individuals AND either:
a. Fragmented with subpopulations estimated to contain <50 (CR) / <250 (EN) /<= 1,000 (VU)
b. All individuals in a single subpopulation.
D. Very Small or Restricted Population:
Either:
1. Number of mature individuals estimated to number fewer than 50 (CR) / 250 (EN) / 1000 (VU) or
2. Population susceptible with area of occupancy less than 100 km2 or number of locations less than five (VU)
E. Quantitative analysis:
Indicating the probability of extinction in the wild is at least 50% within 10 years or three generations (CR) / 20% within 20 years or five generation (EN) / 10% within 100 years (VU).