Thus the tribal found that the land reclaimed by them had been placed under zamindars. With loss of their land and forests the tribal peasants became restrict. In Chotonagpur, a series of revolts occurred in the nineteenth century of these the Kol insurrection of 1831 was most important as it was joined by other tribals like the Hos, Oraons and Mundas.

The Kol insurrection was revivalist because they wanted to get back the rights and privileges of the land and forests which they had been enjoying earlier.