These are the soils containing excess neutral soluble salts dominated by chlorides, sulphates the soluble salts that accumulate in soil consist principally of Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium’s.

The sources of salts in soil are from the soil itself, ground water irrigation, water canal and sea. These soline soils affect the growth of plants. Soil stalinization is quite common in arid and semi-arid regions having a rainfall of fewer 55 cm.

The distinguished characteristics of a sonic soil are high exchangeable sodium percentage sufficient to interfere with plant growth. Sonic soils in India are dominant in areas with a mean annual rainfall of 55- 90cm. These soils are generally occur in relatively low lying areas with insufficient natural drainage, where the products of weathering accumulate during the rainy season These soils are found in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Punjab.

Other is as are Bihar, Gujarat, and Tamil Nadu. In Sodic soils due to high exchangeable sodium percentage the soils are dispersed and dislocate. Impeded drainage condition, low infiltrations are the most significant physical properties. These soils often form this cracks and become hard when dry and sticky when wet