This type of forestry includes planting all the available land from villager’s fields in commercial land to rural trail sides and every available space. Intensive plantations include two types of performance e.g., Social forestry and Agroforesty.
It uses community lands, individual holdings and other public land for plantations. There are two main objectives in social forestry. These are as follows.
1. Use of public and common land to produce firewood, fodder and timber for the local poor men and also to manage soil and water conservation and to.
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2. Relieve pressure on conservation forests.
This programme is mainly aimed for poor villages and children who are involved; in the intensification of nursery operation at village level for multipurpose species firewood, fodder fiber, pole, fruit etc. Social forestry programme has been very successful in Gujarat.
Efforts to stop or slow deforestation have been attempted for many centuries because it has long been known that deforestation can cause environmental damage sufficient in some cases to cause societies to collapse. In Tonga, paramount rulers developed policies designed to prevent conflicts between short- term gains from converting forest to farmland and long-term problems forest loss would cause, whilst during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Tokugawa Japan the shoguns developed a highly sophisticated system of long-term planning to stop and even reverse deforestation of the preceding centuries through substituting timber by other products and more efficient use of land that had been farmed for many centuries.
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This is absolutely commercial forestry which is developed to fulfill the needs of the various forest based industries requiring larger quantities of raw materials. The plantation is done on the fallow land which is not being used for agriculture mostly on the grazing lands. A part of this plantation is used to produce fodder for the cattle. This type of plantation, short rotation of indigenous or exotic species are preferred over long duration sal and teak.
Additional Measures for Conservation of Forestry :
1. Extraction of timber should not interfere with watershed protection. Tree filling should be matched with tree planting programmes.
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2. The use of firewood should be discouraged to reduce pressure on more valuable natural forests. Other source of energy such as biogas, solar energy etc should be used.
3. Forest dwellers should have access to subsidized sources of food, fodder, building materials etc. so that they do not cut forest trees.
4. A ban of 15-20 years should be imposed on commercial tree fillings in fragile areas of Himalayas and other hilly areas.
5. Protection of standing forests should be done.
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6. By the help of people co-operative, community forests should be developed around villages.