Complete information on Golf Maintenance Procedure

Routine maintenance procedures should be established for greens, tees, fairways, traps, and rough

(A) (a) Mowing should be established on a regular schedule so that the golfer is provided with a standard surface regardless of how frequently he or she plays. The typical schedule varies from every day to two or three times a week, but such schedules are influenced by the seasonality of turf, level of play, and weather divots on a fairway. It usually is accomplished with a golf tee. The laced grass should be carefully lifted and the area smoothed so that the next lifer’s putt will not bounce or be deflected if it passes over the spot.

(d) The irrigation required to produce satisfactory turf on a golf course varies with soil texture, climatic conditions, rainfall, and the turf variety. Water requirements typically vary from 10 mm per week to as much as 62 mm. per week Soil absorption rates vary, but soil can typically absorb without runoff 6 mm per hour.

Controlling green irrigation is a critical element in course maintenance. Sprinkler sets for green irrigation must be flexible. Changes in wind direction may call for the use of sprinklers placed in several different positions, so at least five sprinkler locations at intervals around the green are usually necessary. Locations are dictated by shape of green and wind patterns. In addition to sprinklers there should be at least one outlet at the green where a hose can be attached.

Unlike green irrigation, tee irrigation is designed to have a minimum water requirement so that the tee is kept on the dry side. A tee must have a reasonably dry surface to avoid unnecessary turf damage and provide a firm stance for the golfer

Golf course irrigation is Manual systems are the most labour intensive. Each sprinkler must be hand set and individually turned on and off. Because watering typically occurs at night, the chance for human error is great. Water costs are high because of the tendency to overwater.

Semi automatic systems use quick-coupling valves and sprinklers with several automatic valves and controls to cycle the system automatically. All sprinklers to be run during a scheduled time period are installed after play for the system as predetermined for the scheduled period. On completion of the irrigation cycle the sprinklers are picked up in the early morning hours, prior to play and mowing.

Atomic system is less labour intensive and reduces the cost of water. One advantage of this system is being able to operate sprinklers distributed over the entire golf course, minimizing pipe sizes. The automatic system has the ability to recycle as many times as necessary to control run-off problems due to terrain and infiltration rates.

In addition such systems discharge approximately the same amount of water as the manual system did through the same number of sprinklers operating at one time.

(B) Tees should be inspected for damage to turf and markers. Tee markers should be relocated daily to reduce the traffic on one area of the tee.

(a) Mowing.

(b) Although golfers generally replace divots, such replacement is at best temporary and usually simply gives the next golfer as good a lie as possible until the divot mark can be filled with new soil, fertilizer, and grass seed for the reestablishment of turf. Divots on a tee should be removed as quickly as possible and replaced.

(c) Tee markers also should be moved daily to permit turf subjected to divots to recover. The tee marker periodically requires repair and should be inspected daily for signs of wear or damage. Particular attention should be given to the legibility of any yardage indicated on tee markers.

(d) Marker inspection.

(e) Irrigation.

(f) Spraying.

(g) Trash contains & removal.

(C) (a) The principal consideration in fairway maintenance is mowing. Turf should be kept at an even height; nothing is more frustrating to a golfer than to lose a ballin the middle of the fairway due to uncut grass.

(b) Brigation.

(c) Spraying.

(d) Trash contains & removal.

(d) (a) Mowing all rough should be cut on a regular schedule. Trash and litter can become a problem with a rough, and the removal of such debris should become part of the maintenance program.

(b) Trees located along the edge of the fairway and in the rough should be trimmed, whenever possible, to a height that allows a free swing underneath.

(c) Trash contains & removal.

(E) (a) Routine trap maintenance also is required. If the course favours smooth sand, without grooves, then such a standard must be uniform. Trap maintenance is made difficult by golfers who fail to smooth the sand they disturb. When traps are kept smooth, golfers are more likely to leave them in the condition in which they find them.

The sand in a trap should be raked toward the edges to eliminate sharp corners and deep overhangs. All raking should also be done lengthwise or parallel to the green and not away from it.

(b) Trash contains & removal.

(c) Weeding.