Romesh Chandra Dutt (1848-1909) a noted nationalist and an economist, Romesh Chandra Dutt was among the first Indians to clear the I. C. S examination (in 1869) and worked for the Indianisation of the Civil Services. After retiring from service, he became actively involved in the nationalist movement. In 1899, he was made the President of the Indian National Congress and as such, resided over the Lucknow session.
As a scholar, Dutt conducted pioneering research in the field of economy, particularly on issues such as poverty of cultivators, famines, indigenous industries and impact of high taxes his famous works include. The economic History of British India, India in the victorian age, and history of civilisation in ancient India.