Satyendranath Basu (1882-1908) was a resident of Midnapore (West Bengal). He was a teacher in a government school. Impressed by the philosophy of revolutionary terrorism, he pioneered the formation of Ananda Math, a revolutionary secret society at Midnapore. Because of his anti-British activities, especially those related to the Swatdeshi Movement, he was dismissed from government service in April 1906. In 1908, he was arrested on charges of involvement in the Muzaffarpur and Alipur bomb cases. He was tried and sentenced to death. He died on the gallows in the Alipur Central Jail on November 21, 1908.