The primary responsibility of maintenance of international peace and security is on the Security Council. Security Council is the principal organ of the United Nations Organisation.

Art. 23 provide that Security Council shall consist of 15 members out of which 5 i.e., The Republic or China, France, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America shall be permanent members.

There is a provision for non permanent members of the Security Council as well. This Article provides that the General Assembly shall elect ten other members of the United Nations to be non permanent member of the Security Council. For this selection three things will be considered.

(a) The contribution of members of the United Nations to the maintenance of international peace and security and,

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(b) To other purposes of the organisation and

(c) Equitable geographical distribution

The 10 other members of the United Nations are elected for the term of 2 years only and arena immediately eligible for re-election. Each year General Assembly elects 5 states with 2/3rd majority.

So far as geographical distribution is concerned, it is based on the following formula’, Afro Asia 5 seats, Eastern Europe 1, Latin America 2, Western Europe and Ors. 2. (Based on General Assembly resolution 1991 XVIII).

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Each non permanent member has 1 representative in the council.