When Second World War had started there were three types of governments in China.

The Manchuria government was under the influence of the Japanese government and its capital was at Nan King. Another Chinese government which was very often called the national government was headed by Chiang Kai-Shek who was the leader of Kuomitang Party. His capital was at Chung King. The third government was in the region of Western China which was basically a communist government and it was aiming to establish communist rule in China. This government was led by Mao-Zedong.

One important fact about the entire Chinese politics of this period was that the domestic condition allowed easy interference of the European powers. America and Britain were supporting the Chiang-Kai- Shek government because he was in favour of democratic system. Another important fact was that America was trying to make China free from Japanese and Russian influence.

Again the main reasons were capitalist and communist ideological rivalry and endeavour to polarize the Asian countries in their own favour. In 1944, America extended arm support to Chiang Kai Shek government. America and Britain had already signed a treaty with the Chiang government that had brought the extra-territorial system to an end. When UNO was founded this Chinese government was given vito power.

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America was willing to establish peace and order in China for these two things were essential. First to defeat Japan and make China free from Japanese hegemony and another was to end the rivalry between the Ching and Mao Government. For this American General Stelevel and Embassador Hurley had made great effort but they had not been much successful.

In 1945, Japan was defeated in the Second World War by America but this had not solved the problems of China. The only important effecj of this defeat was that the Japan supported Nan King government collesped. But again this had emerged as a cause of animosity between the Mao and Chiang government as both of these governments were willing to establish their own control on the Manchuria region.

In 1945 American President sent a team delegates in the leadership of General Marshall to establish amicable relation between the two rival Chinese governments differing from each other in ideology. But General Marshall failed in getting any tangible result.

In Nov. 1946 China made an appeal to establish peace and order but it was opposed by the communist government. The communist government adopted very aggressive policy and captured all those areas which were earlier under the control of Russia.

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On 14 January, 1949 communist government put certain conditions before the Chiang government, but Chiang did not accept these conditions as they were against the interest of his government. Chiang government had already weakened and even America was not much interested in giving any support as there was possibility of direct struggle with Russia.

Lastly Mao had been successful in establishing the Communist government and American effort had gone in vain.