Along with improvement in the quantity and quality of statistical data, the scope of demographic research also expanded all over the world, leading inevitably to diversification in research and to specialisation.
Urban studies, fertility studies, mortality studies, etc., became fields of specialisation. Another gradual change also took place in the orientation of demographic research.
Students of population increasingly started paying attention to the social and economic aspects of population change. The discipline of population studies was no-longer confined to statistical analysis without reference to the social setting in which population phenomena take place.
The importance of estimating the future course of population growth as a basis for social and economic planning was also realised by planners and policy-makers.
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It must be noted that the major advances in population studies could take place mainly because of improvements in the methodology and techniques of population analysis.