The move of Prussian Emperor regarding federal constitution for German States was bitterly opposed by Austria which still wanted to retain the leadership of Germany and if it was not possible to split the Hapsburg Empire.

Ultimately Fredrick William IV, the Prussian Emperor, was forced to sign the Treaty of Olmutz in 1850 and the initial attempts at the formation of confederation of German States were foiled. This convinced Prussia that progress towards unification could be made only through use of military power.

The Prussian Emperor (William I) was of the opinion that “diplomacy without arms is music without instrument”. Therefore, he started improving his military power. In this task he was ably assisted by Otta Von Bismarck, his Minister President. Unmindful oriEir resistance offered by the popular House of the Prussian Diet, Bismarck embarked on an ambitious programme of militarization. He not only raised a large number of soldiers but also imparted them training in the use of new weapons.

As a result the military strength of Prussia considerably in­creased. Bismarck openly declared that he would achieve the unification of German y through the policy of iron and blood. He asserted that significant problems could not be solved by mere speeches and public opinion but only through bloodshed and the rattling of war weapons.