Essay on Monsoonal Climate

Variations in the distribution of temperature and precipitation have led to marked contrasts in our climate. India’s location and relief features create regional climatic variations. But despite these climatic variations there exists a peculiar unity, the Monsoonal unity. It is termed as monsoon as a unifying bond. Following factors have led to this.

1. The Himalayas:

On the northern borders of the country the Himalayas have been instrumental in providing India Monsoon climate though the country is situated in two thermal Zones-half in tropical zone and half in temperature zone. The mountain acts as barrier to the South-west Monsoon in summer and provides rainfall all over the country.

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It also checks cold wind coming from Central Asia from entering India. Temperature variations are not big as Monsoon winds prevail in the country almost throughout the year. The entire country is thought to be the tropical country.

2. Seasonal rhythm:

Seasonal rhythm prevails in the country. If affects our life in a big way. The effect is markedly seen on land, vegetation, animals, agricultural and economic activities. India has ever growing seasons. We raise agricultural crops according to seasons. In one season we raise Rabi crops such as wheat, gram, barley etc. while in another season Kharif crops as millets, rice and cotton are grown.

3. Precipitation:

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India receives 75 to 90% of the total annual rainfall from the South-west Monsoon winds. But its distribution is not even. It varies from region to region. Variations in precipitation owe their existence to variations in relief.

But these aspects are of little importance, compared to the requirement of rainfall in the country. Rainfall in the country is needed equally. It also rains cats and dogs in every nook and corner of the country. All parts of the country welcome the burst of the Monsoon rains without caste, creed, religion and other considerations.

4. Floods and Famines:

The Monsoon rains are uncertain and uneven. Sometimes, it does not burst or bursts vary late creating famine conditions throughout India. At another time heavy rains cause floods in vast areas. Sometimes one region of the country experiences floods while the other faces famine conditions. Thus, the problem of floods and famines is twin in India. All the Indians are affected equally by the Monsoon conditions, prevailing in the country.

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Despite climatic variations in the country due to relief variations, the Monsoon, climate influences the activities of man equally throughout the country. We see the Monsoonal unity in the country. That is why; we call it a Monsoon country.