Industrial waste is usually dealt with chemically or immobilized or incinerated or used as landfills. The waste control process is specific to the materials involved. The type of solid waste that is burying urban areas is garbage. It has estimated that India generated around 25 million tonnes of municipal solid waste every year.

Indian municipal waste has very high proportions of biomass with less than one per cent of man-made materials. This is because almost every bit of recyclable man-made material is retrieved from the garbage. Accordingly the garbage remains nothing but biomass and earthen rubbish.

The biomass has inherent energy content and thus making it as a source of fuel. This is possible only when the process is available to separate it from other rubbish. The cost effective process to deal with the waste biomass needs neither costly equipment nor energy. It involves the method using earth-worm

Methods have been developed chemical industry effluents. Urea hydrolysis is used for removing ammonia and urea nitrogen in fertilizer plant. The idea is to identify specific natural organisms which can breakdown the harmful components present in the effluents. As far as possible, the process is developed for treating the raw effluents itself without dilution or pretreatment. In this manner the capital and the operating cost are kept much lower as compared to the conventional treatment systems.

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Environmental management demands structural changes involving large scale technological substitutions towards (1) resources, generate less pollution, provide direct economic benefit and stimulate national economy (2) reuse and recycle technologies (3) technologies for minimization of waste.

An important component of such technologies is sustained by middle class consumerisms which encourage bottles for soft drinks and other beverages. There is a big boom in their output and hence a growing recycling industry, which is twin, feeds upon the rising demands for imports of plastic waste.

Such a concept has led to the realization that the physical limit to economic development describes all human efforts for a cleaner and protected environment as well as sustainable growth of the communities.