(a) It is also known as ‘slash and burn’ method as a patch of land is cleared by cutting and burning the trees.
(b) Seeds are planted and no ploughing is done.
(c) Yield decreases after two or three years so the clearing is abandoned and a fresh clearing is made. This is a wasteful method.
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(d) This type of cultivation is carried on in some hilly regions of the North-East which are covered with dense forests e.g. Nagaland, Mizoram, Assam, etc.
(a) Crops are consumed mainly by the farmers and the fields are small.
(b) Farming is intensive and even three crops in a year are harvested.
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(c) There is a large scale use of human labour.
(d) Old fashioned methods of farming are used.
(a) Cultivation of crops and rearing of animals is done together on the same farm.
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(b) Fruits and vegetables may also be grown for a steady income when crops fail due to droughts or floods.
(c) Very often a number of crops are grown including fodder crops.
(d) It is carried on in North-West Punjab.
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(a) In this type of farming crops are grown mainly for sale.
(b) It is generally practised in those areas where farms are large and population is sparse.
(c) There is use of machinery
(d) It is carried on in Punjab, Western UP.
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5. Besides these crops, India also produces nuts, fruits and spices.
(a) India grows spices which are aromatic and pungent plant products used for seasoning and flavouring food and vegetable preservers. They are also used in medicines. India produces black pepper, chillies, ginger and cardamom. These grow in Kerala.
(b) The Central Drug Research Institute in Lucknow is carrying on research work on medicinal plants.