The first factory for vanaspati industry w installed in 930 at Mumbai with annual production of 298 tons. The import duty by the Government and the Second World War gave impetus to t’ industry as a result of which the number of factory rose to 48 with installed capacity of 3.3 lakh ton” and annul output of 1.75 lakh tons in 1951. B 1968-69, the number of factories increased to 5 installed capacities to 6.2 lakh tons and production 4.6 lakh tons. In 1981 -82 there were 85 vanaspati factories with installed capacity of 13.85 lakh tone and production of 8.1 lakh tons.

In 1992-93 the number of factories increased to 93, productio, capacity to 24.4 lakh tons and annual output I 8.93 lakh tons. In 1997-98 and 2002-03 the pr duction of vanaspati was 9.25 lakh tons and 14.4 lakh tons respectively (Table 23.VIII).

India : Trends in the Production of Vanaspati (lakh tons)

Production

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There is largest concentration of vanaspati industry in Maharashtra (Mumbai, Pune), followed by Uttar Pradesh (Kanpur, Ghaziabad, Modinagar), West Bengal (Kolkata), Gujarat (Ahmadabad, Bhavnagar), Tamil Nadu (Chennai), Rajasthan (Jaipur, Bhilwara, Chittaurgarh), Andhra Pradesh (Hyderabad), Punjab (Amritsar), Delhi, and Kerala (Kozhikode).

The public sector factories at Kozhikode, Delhi, Kanpur, Amritsar and Bhavnagar are among the largest units of vanaspati making (total installed capacity 1 lakh tonnes). The Hindustan Lever, Tata and DCM are major producers in private sector. Dalda, Rath, Panghat, Cottogem, Malti, Chetak etc. are some popular brands of vanaspati.

Groundnut, rapeseed, cotton seed, coconut oil, sunflower, soyabean, linseed, mustard and cas­tor seed etc provide essential raw materials for vanaspati industry. Due to shortage of edible oil some raw material is imported to meet the demands of the industry. In fact there is a need to augment the production of edible oils by introducing HYV and also by increasing the acreage.

India exports some vanaspati to UK, Aus­tralia, Singapore, USA, Italy, Netherland, Saudi Arabia, UAR, Bahrein, Myanmar and Aden. In 1981 – 82 the total value of vanaspati exports was Rs. 23.3 crores (cf. 10.1 crores in 1965-66).