Nationalism has been a potent force in the making of the modern world. It has caused the disintegration of empires and inspired many a struggle for freedom from foreign yoke. But nationalism in the hands of the industrial powers took the form of imperialism. It produced a spirit of aggressive patriotism which places country above humanity and seeks to exploit in the weakness of other nations through economic and political domination. In such a situation, law of the jungle determines the relations between nations and atmosphere of nervous hostility rules the world. The same spirit of militant nationalism gave rise to two global wars involving an enormous loss of life and property. As a reaction to this ugly consequence of narrow and aggressive nationalism, world public opin­ion has been shifting in favor of establishing a common brotherhood of mankind. A new concept of internationalism is thus growing. It is now widely felt that the happiness of humanity lies in the fact that nations of the world should shed off rival spirit and act as co-operators in a common task of building international friendship and amity.