There has been very little increase in the area and production of turn between 1960-61 and 2002-03. the area has increased from 2.4 million ha in 1960-61 to 3.6 million ha in 1990-91. Since 1990-91 onward the area is almost static.
The production with fluctuating trend has increased from 2.1. Million tonnes in 1960-61 to 2.7 million tons in 1999-00 (annual growth rate being 0.72%). About 65 per cent of the turn area and 69 per cent of its production comes from four states which in descending order of their output include Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka and Gujarat.
Maharashtra is the leading state in area (31.39%) and production (35.24%) of turn in the country. Here despite decline in productivity (annual average 0.88%), there has been appreciable increase in the area (7.31 lakh ha in 1983-84 to 10.60 lakh ha in 2002-03; annual rate of increase being 2.37 per cent) and production (from 4.87 lakh tones to 7.77 lakh tones between 1983-84 and 2002-03; annual rate of increase being 3.1 percent). In 1997-98 there has been slight decline both in the area and production of the crop. The main producers
are Amravati, Wardha, Akola, Yavatmal, Beed, Nagpur, Usmanabad and Parbhani districts.
Uttar Pradesh
ADVERTISEMENTS:
Uttar Pradesh accounts for 9.71 per cent of total area and 13.51 per cent of total production of turn in the country. Due to heavy decline in the productivity (from 1382 kg/ha in 1983-84 to 909 kg/ha in 2002-03; annual decline rata being 1.80%) and shortfall in the area (5.18 lakh ha in 1983-84 to 3.28 lakh ha in 2002-03; annual decline rate being 1.93%) the actual production of turn has fallen down from 7.15 lakh tones in 1983-84 to 2.98 lakh tones in 2002- 03 (annual rate of decline being 3.07%). Here Varanasi, Jhansi, Allahabad and Lucknow divisions are the important producers.
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh contributes 7.97 per cent of the total area and 7.85 per cent of the total production of turn in the country. In Madhya Pradesh also there has been decline in the area, yield and production of turn during recent years (1983-84 to 2002-03). Hoshangabad, Chhindwara, Betul, East Nimar, Dewas, Sidhi, Narsimhapur and Bhind districts are the major producers of turn in the state.
Others
ADVERTISEMENTS:
Other producers of turn in the country in the descending order of their production include Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Rajasthan states.
Trade
About 20 per cent of the total production of turn in the country enters the wholesale market. Here Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra are the major contributors.